A descentralização do poder na empresa familiar

É muito comum, em algumas empresas familiares, identificarmos uma gestão centralizada no fundador, que tem a palavra final em todas as decisões, até mesmo quando existe um colegiado gerencial. De fato, a descentralização do poder, no geral, é mais difícil durante a passagem do bastão da primeira para a segunda geração, exigindo paciência e persistência por parte dos sucessores.

No caso das empresas familiares, é preciso entender que os fundadores, via de regra, passaram anos sem compartilhar suas principais decisões, num esforço contínuo, e às vezes até solitário, para fazerem o negócio crescer e prosperar. Por isso, é mais do que compreensível que eles tenham dificuldades em passar o controle do seu legado para outras pessoas.

Então, da mesma forma que cabe ao fundador entender que precisa delegar e dividir responsabilidades para que o processo de formação da próxima geração dê certo, cabe ao sucessor, também, saber lidar com as suas expectativas e conquistar essa autonomia. Afinal, esta é uma via de mão dupla.

A experiência mostra que a descentralização do poder só acontece de fato quando o fundador começa a sentir confiança em compartilhar as suas decisões. É uma relação construída com tempo, paciência e diálogo. Mas a dica mais importante que poderíamos dar para quem está pleiteando seu lugar de comando seria: não queime etapas, nem atropele o processo.

Além disso, deve-se, durante a transição, oferecer ajuda e não crítica. Não adianta querer chegar mudando tudo, apontando somente o que, na sua visão, está errado ou deve ser feito de outa forma. A confiança começa a ser conquistada a partir do momento em que o sucessor demonstra uma atitude de parceria e construção conjunta, tendo como prioridade a preservação do legado da família.

 Georgina Santos
TGI Consultoria

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